![]() ![]() The hope of uniting Austria and Germany was not new. ![]() Others wanted Austria to unite with Germany. Some Austrians hoped to solve this problem by restoring a form of the empire. In the 1920s, many Austrians did not think that their country could survive economically without the lands previously held by Austria-Hungary. ![]() These countries were home to millions of people who considered themselves German and who spoke German as their primary language. Among them were Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. New states were established in its place. 1 Austria-Hungary had collapsed in 1918 at the end of World War I. Many of them lived in areas that had previously been part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Most of these Austrians considered themselves ethnically German.Īt this time, millions of people who considered themselves German lived outside of Germany. Ethnic Germans in Austriaīetween World War I and World War II, Austria was a country of approximately 6.5 million people. However, certain historical factors and events facilitated these processes. Nor was the rapid Nazification of Austria. Austrians also participated in the mass murder of Europe’s Jews. In the wake of the Anschluss, Austrians persecuted the country’s Jewish population. Many Austrians participated enthusiastically in this endeavor. In the days, weeks, and months that followed, Austrian and German Nazis carried out the Nazification of all aspects of Austrian life. Almost overnight, the country of Austria ceased to exist. It allowed Adolf Hitler to continue his expansionary policies unchecked. Their acceptance of the Anschluss was a significant act of appeasement. The other European powers did not punish the Nazis for violating international treaties. It was the first act of territorial expansion committed by Nazi Germany. The Anschluss demonstrated Nazi disdain for the post-World War I European order. These treaties expressly forbade the unification of Austria and Germany. “Anschluss” is a German word that means “connection” or “joining.”Īustria: Maps By annexing Austria, the Nazis violated the Treaty of Versailles and the Treaty of Saint-Germain. On March 11–13, 1938, Nazi Germany annexed the neighboring country of Austria ( Österreich). ![]()
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